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Definition of common terms in standardization: Documents that establish common and reusable rules, guidelines, or specifications for activities in order to achieve optimal procedures within a certain range. The document was developed by consensus and approved by a recognized authority. Note: Standards should be based on the integrated outcomes of science, technology, and experience, with the aim of promoting the greatest social benefits. 2. Standardization The activity of establishing common and reusable rules to achieve optimal order within a certain range, in response to actual or potential problems. Note: 1. The aforementioned activities should particularly include the processes of formulating, issuing, and implementing standards. 2. A significant advantage of standardization is improving the suitability of products, processes, and services, preventing technical barriers, and facilitating the sharing of technology. 3. System A set of elements that are interconnected or interact with each other. 4. International Standards Standards established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), as well as standards developed by other international organizations that are included in ISO’s KWIC Index of International Standard Titles. 5. **Standards: Technical requirements that need to be unified across the country, and are standards formulated by the standardization administration department under the State Council.** 6. Industry standards: Standards that are not established as **standards**, but for which technical requirements are needed within a particular industry across the country; such standards are formulated by the relevant administrative departments under the State Council. 7. Local standards: Standards established by the standardization authorities of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government for the safety and hygiene requirements of industrial products for which neither national standards nor industry standards exist, and which need to be unified within those provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. 8. Corporate standards: Standards that are established by a company for those products it manufactures for which there are no national standards, industry standards, or local standards; these are technical requirements and management guidelines that need to be unified within the company, and they are formulated by the company and approved for issuance by its top management. 9. Product standards Standards established to ensure the suitability of products, based on certain or all requirements that the products must meet. Its scope includes: variety, specifications, technical performance, testing methods, inspection rules, packaging, storage, transportation, etc. 10. Method standards Standards established based on various methods such as testing, inspection, analysis, sampling, statistics, calculation, measurement, and operations. 11. Basic Standards: Standards that serve as a foundation for other standards within a certain range, are widely used, and possess broad guiding significance. Such as nouns, terms, symbols, codes, identifiers, methods, modules, tolerances and fits, priority number systems, basic parameter series, product series catalogs, product environmental conditions, reliability requirements, etc. 12. Standard system: A scientific and organic whole formed by standards within a certain range based on the relationships among them. 13. Standard system chart: A diagram created by organizing standards within a certain range according to their inherent interrelationships, which reflects the characteristics of the standard system. 14. Standard samples (physical standards) are standards that possess accurate standard values, uniformity, and stability, as well as one or more performance characteristics; they are approved by the administrative department in charge of standardization under the State Council or relevant administrative departments under the State Council, and are issued with certificates and markings. A document that specifies activities or the common and reusable rules, guidelines, or characteristics in order to obtain the best procedures within a certain range. The document was developed by consensus and approved by a recognized authority. Note: Standards should be based on the integrated outcomes of science, technology, and experience, with the aim of promoting the greatest social benefits.