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Technical requirements for ceramic elbows in ash transfer wear-resistant pipelines: Ceramic elbows used in ash transfer pipelines in power plants are employed frequently. Coal used in power plants, both domestically and internationally, contains a high amount of impurities including stones, and its quality is low; as a result, the wear-resistant elbows used in such pipelines suffer from severe wear and have a short lifespan. The use of ceramic wear-resistant pipes yields significant results. 1. The ceramic composite pipe used for ash transportation features a male-female interlocking ceramic patch structure to prevent detachment; it is employed in ash transportation systems, with the steel pipe thickness being no less than 5 mm and the ceramic layer thickness being less than 8 mm. 2. To reduce the conveying resistance inside the pipe, the ceramic outer pipe for a single elbow must adopt an integral or hot-bent elbow structure; for a single elbow, shrimp-back elbows or spliced elbow structures shall not be used. 3. To reduce the incidence of leaks, the length of each fitting in a straight pipe should be no less than 6 meters. The ceramic outer tube must be manufactured from a single seamless steel tube; straight pipes cannot be made by joining multiple sections together. 4. The inner diameter of all pipes must be consistent; the ceramic tiles forming the lining should fit together tightly without any gaps, and the surface must be smooth. Adhesives or other substances shall not be used for filling purposes. After the ceramic pipes are formed, any debris inside them must be removed, and the lining should appear in a pure ceramic white color. 5. Adhesive: A high-temperature and low-temperature resistant inorganic adhesive is used as the bonding agent between the ceramic tiles and the cylinder body; its thickness should be ≥1 mm. The adhesive must have stable properties and strong impact resistance, enabling it to function over a long period of time at temperatures ranging from -30°C to +600°C, with full filling. https://pics5.baidu.com/feed/242dd42a2834349be78e0701761840c734d3bea2.jpeg?token=0cc6d1a4cd0b7bc951e963736b074a29 https://pics3.baidu.com/feed/a6efce1b9d16fdfa130b49d2707dd95d95ee7ba7.jpeg?token=b8826559048b123c69c2d9fec89efe27 https://pics2.baidu.com/feed/5bafa40f4bfbfbedf36981d1bc02a23faec31f63.jpeg?token=31fc04aaaf7c046409dd88d4651252f4 6. Type of ceramic lining: Ceramic tiles with a convex-concave design to prevent them from falling off. The tiles are connected to each other in a 360° mechanical support structure through a unique mother-and-child groove design along the circumferential direction; they fit tightly against the inner wall of the steel pipe, with a gap between the tiles of no more than 0.2 mm. The edges of the contact surfaces of all tiles are designed to be conical, ensuring that the tiles do not fall off. The connections between the tiles are tight and secure. In the fabrication of ceramic-soldered pipes (especially elbows), a gap-free arrangement of ceramic pieces is used. 7. The ceramic pieces inside the pipe are connected to each other to form a single unit; these ceramic pieces adhere to the steel pipe as well as to the adhesive, enabling the pipe to withstand certain levels of impact, while preventing the ceramic pieces from falling off. Ceramic patches are manufactured according to the inner diameter of the steel pipeline; while ensuring the inner diameter of the ash transport pipeline’s cross-section, the number of patches used in that cross-section is minimized. 8. The surface of the ceramic lining tiles should be flat and smooth, with a surface roughness of 0.4. They exhibit low conveying resistance and are suitable for applications where fly ash needs to be conveyed at high flow rates; the material can pass through smoothly without adhering to or clogging the lining.