What is the difference between the three concepts of bolts, screws, and nuts?

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The head of a bolt is generally hexagonal, while the shank has external threads. The screws are relatively small; their heads can be flat or cross-shaped, etc., and the shanks have external threads. A stud should actually be called a \"double-ended stud,\" as it has external threads on both ends, with a smooth shaft in between. The longer end of the thread is used to connect with the deep hole, while the shorter end connects with the nut. Standard fasteners are divided into twelve major categories, and the choice of fastener is determined based on its application scenario and functional purpose. 1. Bolts: Bolts are widely used in mechanical manufacturing for detachable connections, and they are generally used in combination with nuts (often along with one or two washers). 2. Nut 3. Screw: Screws are usually used alone (sometimes with washers) and serve to fasten or secure things; they should be screwed into the internal threads of the housing. 4. Studs are commonly used for connecting components where one of the parts is thick, in situations that require a compact design, or when bolted connections are not suitable due to frequent disassembly. Screws generally have threads on both ends (single-ended screws have threads on only one end). One end of the thread is usually screwed firmly into the component body, while the other end mates with a nut to serve the purpose of connection and fastening; it also plays a role in maintaining a specific distance between components. 5. Wood screws: Wood screws are used to be screwed into wood for joining or securing purposes. 6. Self-tapping screws: The holes designed to work with self-tapping screws do not require pre-drilling; the internal thread is formed as the screw is tightened in. 7. Washers: Locking washers are used between the bearing surfaces of bolts, screws, nuts, etc. and the bearing surface of the workpiece; they serve to prevent loosening and to reduce stress on those bearing surfaces. Lock washer 8, retaining ring: Retaining rings are primarily used to position, lock, or prevent movement of parts on a shaft or in a hole. Industrial messengers 9: Pins are typically used for positioning, but they can also be employed to connect or secure components, as well as serving as overload-breaking elements in safety devices. 10. Rivet: One end of the rivet has a head, and its shank is unthreaded. When in use, the rod is inserted into the hole of the component to be connected, and then the end of the rod is riveted to achieve connection or fastening. 11. Fastening assembly: A fastening assembly refers to a combination of screws or bolts or self-tapping screws and washers. After being placed on the screw, the washer must be able to rotate freely on the screw (or bolt) without coming off. It mainly serves to fasten or secure.