【History of Haichuan Chemical】There are still three chemical machinery manufacturing plants that are part of Sinopec to this day – do you know how many? ? ?

The development of the equipment manufacturing industry is part of the overall development of the petrochemical industry. As the saying goes, “Each generation of technology brings about its own generation of equipment”; conversely, it can also be said that “Each generation of equipment gives rise to its own generation of technology”: manufacturing technologies give rise to advanced equipment, which in turn ensures and promotes further progress in those technologies. In the past, during the planning and construction of large-scale petrochemical projects, specialized \"machine factories\" or \"maintenance shops\" were usually established within the plant premises. On one hand, this allowed for the manufacturing of equipment locally during the project construction phase; on the other hand, it provided mechanical maintenance services necessary for the operation of the facilities. For example, Yanshan Petrochemical is equipped with Yanhua Machinery Factory; Qilu Petrochemical has Qilu Chemical Machinery; Nanhua Company uses Nanhua Machinery; Shanghai Petrochemical relies on Shanghai Petrochemical Machinery; Maoming Petrochemical utilizes Maoming Chemical Machinery (now known as Maoming Gravity), and so on. There are also other companies such as Tianjin Jinbin and Zhenhai Jianan, all of which fall under similar circumstances. Since specialization in labor division was not a major concern at that time, these “repair shops” generally had a wide range of services and were quite capable. What is often referred to as pressure vessel manufacturing is just one of the workshops; there are also other activities such as casting, forging, head pressing, as well as handling instruments, valves, electrical components, lifting and transportation, and construction and installation. However, with the reform and development of the industry, trends toward marketization and professionalism are becoming increasingly prominent. First are the machinery manufacturing plants, which were separated from the refining and chemical complex as auxiliary operations ； Then, the auxiliary businesses within the manufacturing plant were separated from the main mechanical manufacturing business – this is what is known as “restructuring”. As things have developed to this day, most chemical machinery manufacturers have been restructured; only three remain within the Sinopec group.

Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as “Nanhua Ji”) is a company affiliated with Sinopec Group’s Nanjing Chemical Industry Company, also known as Nanhua Company. The predecessor of Nanhua Company was the Tong Plant of Yongli Chemical Industry Company, which was founded in 1934 by the renowned patriotic industrialist Mr. Fan Xudong. In 1998, it became a member of Sinopec Group as part of a major industrial restructuring. Subsequently, Nanhua Company and Nanjing Chemical Plant (originally the Jingzhou Plant of the Preparatory Office for the Central Chemical Plant under the Resources Commission of the National Government, established in 1947) were reorganized in May 2005 to become what is now the Nanjing Chemical Industry Company. As the leader in the chemical machinery manufacturing industry, Nanhua Machinery has been committed to the localization of large-scale equipment for fertilizer production, the chemical industry, petrochemicals, fine chemicals, as well as textile and polyester industries, achieving remarkable results. The most notable fact is that China’s first high-pressure vessel was developed here: in 1956, the high-pressure vessel with a pressure rating of 320 kilograms per square centimeter, developed by the Yonglining factory, passed its burst testing successfully, putting an end to China’s inability to produce high-pressure vessels. Premier Zhou Enlai personally issued an order praising the Yonglining factory, and the People’s Daily published an editorial on its front page titled “Make More Industrial Equipment by Our Own Hands.” In the 1960s and 1970s, Nanhua Machinery successively developed series of urea synthesis towers of large, medium, and small sizes, gradually growing into a well-known manufacturer of high-pressure equipment for urea production in China. At the end of the 1990s, Nanhua Machinery was the first in China to develop key equipment for polyester production facilities, overcoming a series of technical challenges such as L-shaped jackets and \"mosquito coil-shaped coils\" with a diameter of 4 meters. In September 2011, the large-scale EO reactor manufactured by Nanhua Machinery for Yangzi Petrochemical was completed, with its key technical parameters reaching world-class levels. Subsequently, it established partnerships with renowned international proprietary technology patent holders such as GE, LURGI, SHELL, and SD, becoming a key supplier of large-scale EO (ethylene oxide) reactors. In addition, the typical products of Nanhua Machinery include large water-cooled and air-cooled methanol synthesis reactors, gasifiers, hydrogenation reactors, etc.

Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as “Nanhua Ji”) is a company affiliated with Sinopec Group’s Nanjing Chemical Industry Company, also known as Nanhua Company. The predecessor of Nanhua Company was the Tong Plant of Yongli Chemical Industry Company, which was founded in 1934 by the renowned patriotic industrialist Mr. Fan Xudong. In 1998, it became a member of Sinopec Group as part of a major industrial restructuring. Subsequently, Nanhua Company and Nanjing Chemical Plant (originally the Jingzhou Plant of the Preparatory Office for the Central Chemical Plant under the Resources Commission of the National Government, established in 1947) were reorganized in May 2005 to become what is now the Nanjing Chemical Industry Company. As the leader in the chemical machinery manufacturing industry, Nanhua Machinery has been committed to the localization of large-scale equipment for fertilizer production, the chemical industry, petrochemicals, fine chemicals, as well as textile and polyester industries, achieving remarkable results. The most notable fact is that China’s first high-pressure vessel was developed here: in 1956, the high-pressure vessel with a pressure rating of 320 kilograms per square centimeter, developed by the Yonglining factory, passed its burst testing successfully, putting an end to China’s inability to produce high-pressure vessels. Premier Zhou Enlai personally issued an order praising the Yonglining factory, and the People’s Daily published an editorial on its front page titled \"Make More Industrial Equipment by Our Own Hands.\" After the public-private partnership of the Yongli Ti plant in 1952, it was renamed Yonglining Plant; in 1957 it was renamed Nanhua Company. During the 1960s and 1970s, Nanhua Machinery successively developed series of urea synthesis towers of various sizes, gradually evolving into a well-known manufacturer of high-pressure equipment for urea production in China. At the end of the 1990s, Nanhua Machinery was the first in China to develop key equipment for polyester production facilities, overcoming a series of technical challenges such as L-shaped jackets and \"mosquito coil-shaped coils\" with a diameter of 4 meters. In September 2011, the large-scale EO reactor manufactured by Nanhua Machinery for Yangzi Petrochemical was completed, with its key technical parameters reaching world-class levels. Subsequently, it established partnerships with renowned international proprietary technology patent holders such as GE, LURGI, SHELL, and SD, becoming a key supplier of large-scale EO (ethylene oxide) reactors. In addition, the typical products of Nanhua Machinery include large water-cooled and air-cooled methanol synthesis reactors, gasifiers, hydrogenation reactors, etc.

Shanghai Petrochemical Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as “Shanghai Machinery”) was originally the machinery repair plant of Shanghai Petrochemical Complex. It is located to the south of Jin Yi Road, in the Jinshan petrochemical area of Shanghai, between Wei Er Road and Wei San Road. It was established in July 1972 and put into operation in 1979. In 1993, Shanghai Petrochemical underwent a shareholding system reform, and the machinery repair plant came under the jurisdiction of Sinopec Shanghai Jinshan Industrial Company. In April 1994, it was renamed Shanghai Petrochemical Machinery Manufacturing Company (abbreviated as Shanghai Machinery). In August 1997, Sinopec Shanghai Jinshan Industrial Company was dissolved, and Shanghai Machinery was placed under the management of Sinopec Shanghai by assignment from Sinopec. Around 2005, Shanghai Machinery and Sinopec Ningbo Engineering Company merged to establish large-scale custom equipment manufacturing bases for Sinopec Group in the Shanghai and Ningbo areas. In 2007, Ningbo Tianyi Petrochemical Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was established, but it has maintained its status as an independent legal entity. By 2014, the Shanghai mechanism operated separately from Ningbo Tianyi, becoming sister entities both under Sinopec Ningbo Engineering Company. The plate-welded hydrogenation reactors developed by Shanghai Petrochemical Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. At present, the main products of Shanghai Machinery include various types of reactors, high-pressure vessels, heat exchangers, gasification furnaces, shift converters, large-scale shell-and-tube heat exchangers, condensers, and styrene dehydrogenation reactors.

According to the account of Shanghai Machinery in the \"History of Shanghai Petrochemical Complex\", we can get an idea of the scale of the \"maintenance factories\" at that time: they had fixed assets worth 142 million yuan, and included 8 production and maintenance units such as a pressure vessel factory, a chemical machinery factory, a Gulf Installation and Maintenance Company, a heat treatment branch, a casting branch, a forging branch, an electrical branch, and an instrumentation branch. These units were capable of manufacturing and repairing various types of towers, reactors, containers, heat exchangers, mixers, pumps, valves, as well as various specifications of accessories, components, mechanical seals, motors, electrical equipment, instruments, and meters required for petrochemical and chemical fiber production. They also had the capability to carry out various processing tasks, physical and chemical tests, metallographic analyses, and inspections of pressure vessels, with an annual production capacity worth nearly 200 million yuan. By the end of that year, there were 2,273 employees in total, of whom 159 were professional and technical personnel at or above the intermediate level, and 853 were skilled workers at the senior or intermediate level. From 1993 to 1997, the machinery company obtained the design and manufacturing licenses for **Class III pressure vessels**, a certificate as a **Grade 1 metrological unit**, an ASME “U” stamp design and manufacturing license issued by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and an ISO9001 international quality system certification issued by the Quality Certification Center of the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). Equipment is manufactured with the American ASME “U” mark as well as in compliance with Japanese JIS standards, and these products are sold in the international market. During this period, the hydrogenation heat exchanger was developed using domestic alternatives; a new type of siphon rupture valve filled a gap in domestic production; a paper on waterproof hammer butterfly check valves was published on the global information network; and the first hydrogenation high-pressure air cooler was manufactured. From 1998 to 2000, the machinery company successfully developed Asia’s largest coke tower with a diameter of 8.4 meters, as well as a range of products that reached international standards or were at the leading level in China, such as high-pressure air coolers, high-pressure polyethylene ultra-high pressure reactors, and MDS-type distribution cabinets. Two of these products won gold awards at the 5th Shanghai Science and Technology Expo, and they were included in the 2000 annual list of key new product development projects. Six types of licenses have been obtained: those issued by the Bureau of Technology and Standards and the Shanghai Environmental Protection Bureau for electroplating, heat treatment, forging, pressure vessel manufacturing, on-site welding of AR1 and AR3 grade spherical plates, and pressure pipeline installation. From 2001 to 2004, the machinery company developed and produced for the first time ultra-large-scale equipment such as gasoline fractionation towers and propylene fractionation towers ； The key equipment for the first domestically manufactured \"Sanfu\" polyester plant, China’s first DC (double-circulation) reactor developed and produced, as well as equipment such as ultra-high pressure tubular reactors for high-pressure polyethylene plants, multi-stage shielded pumps for chemical applications, and high-speed overfeed roller motors, all reach the international standard for similar products ； Some new products and new processes fill gaps in the domestic market.