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Does anyone know which book the content in the post is from, from 2015 to 2019?

2019-06-25View Original

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Structure of the floating end in floating-head heat exchangers – hook-loop type floating head. In the structural design of the floating head portion of a floating-head heat exchanger, it is necessary to ensure that the tube bundle can expand and contract freely inside the equipment, as well as to facilitate maintenance, installation, and cleaning; at the same time, it is important to guarantee the sealing of the floating end cover. The hook loops play an important role in ensuring the sealing at the floating head end and preventing leakage of the medium between the tube and the shell. http://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223503ohqd0404db49ols0.jpg Structure and dimensions of the hook-type floating head: The detailed structure of the hook-type floating head is shown in Figure 5.7, Flange 1 on the cover side. Outer cover flange, Type B hook ring, floating cover flange. Figure 5.7-1: The dimensional values and symbols in Figure 5.7-1 are as follows: a – Determined based on the expansion and contraction of the tube bundle and the shell ; and b2, bn – in accordance with the provisions of 5.3.3 ; C – The space required for installing and tightening the floating head nuts should take into account the thermal expansion under various conditions, and it should be no less than 60 mm; Di – the inner diameter of the floating head flange and the hook ring, where Di = Di – 2(bi + b0). ), mm: Date. ——The outer diameter of the floating head flange and the hook ring, in mm. =Di+80, mm ; Where —— the inner diameter of the heat exchanger cylinder, in mm; Chu —— the diameter of the tube layout boundary, determined according to 5.5.3, in mm; D —— the inner diameter of the outer cover, ~Di+100, in mm; Pei —— the outer diameter of the floating tube sheet, Do = Di – 2×Ku, in mm. 5.7.2 Hook rings play an important role in ensuring the sealing at the floating head end and preventing leakage between different media. With the development of design and manufacturing technologies for floating-head heat exchangers, as well as the accumulation of long-term usage experience, the structural design of the hook loops has also been continuously improved and refined. Hook and loop fasteners generally have a split structure, requiring reliable sealing, as well as a simple and compact design that facilitates manufacturing and easy assembly/disassembly. 5.7.2.1 I-shaped hook loops and Day- shaped hook loops GB151 specifies two types of hook loops, namely I-shaped hook loops and Day- shaped hook loops. See Figures 5.7-2a and b. http://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223550uq662sebmq2qep8e.jpghttp://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223700zd67aadjal0h3tbx.jpghttp://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223741m80x0i60x38ni*z.jpghttp://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223803wwzbi4sz49jo5w3f.jpghttp://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223829zw3f0f8hf28x5fbx.jpg Type A hooks were widely used in the 1970s and earlier; since the bottom of these hooks is located far away from the floating sheet, it increases the dead zones in the fluid flow path at the floating head end, thereby reducing the effective heat transfer area of the tube bundle. Moreover, the thickness of the Type A hook loop is greater than that of the Type B hook loop; in addition, the double-headed bolt used is longer in Type A, resulting in poorer stability. The type hook ring is an imported design from abroad; its feature is that the inclined angles of the floating head sheet and the hook ring are different, with the inclined angle of the floating head sheet being 18 degrees. , outer ring bevel 2×45. The beading angle is 17. The thickness a of the hook portion is generally between 25 and 30 mm, while the width b of the hook portion increases as the inner diameter of the heat exchanger increases. The gap between the outer diameter of the tube sheet and the inner diameter of the hook ring is kept between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. In this way, when the double-headed studs are tightened, the gap disappears, allowing the tube sheet to support the hook ring and control its angle of rotation; this ensures that the bending deformation of the bolts remains within acceptable limits while also maintaining effective sealing, as shown in Figure 5.7-3. This manual recommends the use of a Type B hook loop structure. 5.7.2.2 Structure and dimensions of the Japanese-type hook ring and floating tube sheet: a) GB151 specifies the dimensions for the combination of the Type B hook ring and floating tube sheet, the allowable tolerances, as well as the formula for calculating the design thickness of the Type B hook ring; see Figure 5.7-4 and Equation (9). 5.7.2.3 For the structure and dimension calculation of Type A hook loops, refer to the provisions in GB151. 5.7.3 Floating Head Cover 5.7.3.1 The structure of the floating head cover is shown in Figure 5.7-5. Figure 5. 7-55.7.3.2 Floating head cover for multi-pass systems, whose minimum inner depth shall ensure that the cross-sectional flow area between adjacent passes is at least 1.3 times the flow area of the heat exchange tubes in each pass. For a single-pass floating head cover, the minimum inner depth at the center of the pipe connection is one-third of the inner diameter of the pipe connection. 5.7.3.3 The minimum thickness of the segmented diaphragm shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of 5.1.7.1. 5.7.3.4 Design calculation of the floating head cover: For spherical dome heads, the floating head design shall be carried out using the design pressures acting on the tube side and the shell side respectively, and the greater of these values shall be used as the design thickness. The detailed calculation methods and steps shall comply with the provisions of GB151, and designers may use the SW6 calculation software for such calculations. When calculating floating head flanges, it is recommended to use the values of Bu in Table 47 of GB151 – that is, the positioning dimensions for spherical dome heads on floating head flanges – as Luwan, +2 mm. (Ten thousand. ——Thicknesses of various parts of the spherical head), see Figure 5.7-5. Note: The determination of the parameters mentioned above is crucial for the design of floating-head flanges. Numerous articles and publications in China address this topic; designers can refer to “Stone http://bbs.hg707.com/data/attachment/forum/201404/09/223939xs0pdcjz6v0p0ouj.jpg”, as well as other resources related to tubesheets, flanges, and heat exchangers
Reply #22019-06-26
Who knows which book the content of the post is from?

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