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Laser-welded plates are used to form plate bundles rather than stacking plates. Revolutionary designs have addressed the shortcomings of plate heat exchangers, which are not resistant to high temperatures and pressures or to non-corrosive media. The low heat exchange efficiency of shell-and-tube heat exchangers also means that they are designed for harsh conditions. Plate-and-shell heat exchangers are designed for harsh operating conditions, as they have a design pressure of 100 bar, no bypass system, a temperature difference of less than 1°C, and a design temperature range of minus 80°C to 450°C, granting them great versatility. It is an ideal choice for handling condensation conditions, especially suitable for non-condensable water and subcooled conditions. They are also ideal steam cleaners for cleaning fluids, used to soften water and clean hot oil. Furthermore, since it is specifically designed to withstand thermal shock and fatigue under high temperature and pressure, it is highly suitable for cyclic conditions with rapid temperature changes and other operating conditions. Furthermore, it also features a bolted and fully welded design. Compared to bolted heat exchangers, fully welded heat exchangers can withstand higher temperatures and greater pressure conditions; they offer wide applications and excellent performance, making them suitable for use in harsh environments. Plate-and-shell heat exchangers are widely used in various fields, including HVAC, the ship and marine industries, dairy/food/beverage, sugar, biogas, refrigeration, pulp and paper, and heavy industry. Mining, petrochemicals, chemicals, condensation, steam heating, oil coolers, gas heaters, coolers, etc.