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The full name of a pipeline is Total Laboratory Automation (TLA). In the development of laboratory automation to date, overall automation consists of four main components: the sample collection and transfer section, the sample pre-treatment section, the sample analysis section, and the sample post-treatment section. Based on the testing items offered by TLA, they can be classified into biochemical and immunological testing pipelines, blood cell testing pipelines, coagulation testing pipelines, molecular diagnostic pipelines, urine testing pipelines, and microbiology testing pipelines. However, due to the smaller size of other niche markets, the term \"testing pipeline\" is generally used to refer to the biochemical and immunological testing pipelines. TLA is a comprehensive automated laboratory system that covers the entire process, from sample collection to the generation of test reports and sample storage, representing the ultimate manifestation of highly automated industrial technology in laboratories. The fully automated pipeline mainly consists of the following four categories of modules: The sample collection and transmission module includes modules such as sampling, sample transportation, and sorting. The sample pretreatment module mainly includes modules such as input/output, centrifugation, cap removal, and cup separation. The sample analysis module mainly refers to modules such as the orbital interface, as well as the corresponding biochemical analyzers and immunological analyzers. Sample post-processing mainly includes modules such as capping/film application, storage, sample retrieval, re-removal of the cap, and information systems. The specific steps mainly include: automatic generation of blood collection tube barcodes, automatic labeling, automatic sample transfer, automatic sample sorting, sample input, centrifugation, removal of caps, sample separation into cups, analysis, re-capping/covering with membranes, storage, sample retrieval, second removal of caps/membranes, result review and transmission, and sample retesting. At the current stage, the entire process is automated, with only routine tasks such as replacing reagents, consumables, and performing necessary instrument maintenance still requiring manual operation. The differences in conveyor belts available on the market currently lie mainly in the following aspects: 1. Track power and number of tracks. The tracks are the core of the specimen transportation process within a conveyor belt system, and they also constitute the foundation of such systems. Based on different orbital propulsion methods, it can be divided into track transmission powered by tracks, track transmission powered by magnetism, and track transmission without propulsion. The number of tracks can generally be divided into dual-track, triple-track, and quad-track transmission. Caterpillar power transmission is the most commonly used transmission method in current assembly lines, with the majority of such lines employing this approach. Caterpillar power transmission requires pneumatic or motor-driven caterpillars to move the specimen between various modules. Magnetic-powered orbital transfer refers to the use of magnetic power devices distributed beneath the orbit to transport samples. A power-free track refers to a system in which the sample transfer is not driven by the track itself; no circuit boards, tracks, or motor devices are placed beneath the track, and the sample transport relies on intelligent carts along with their accompanying intelligent control systems. 2. Sample transportation modes can be divided into single-tube transportation and sample rack transportation; sample racks can have 5 tubes, 6 tubes, 10 tubes, etc. As the name implies, single-tube transport refers to the track transferring only one sample at a time, while sample rack transport refers to the track being able to carry sample racks containing 5, 6, or 10 samples each time. 3. Compatibility can be divided into open and closed pipelines. An open pipeline refers to a pipeline system that can be connected to analyzers from third-party brands. A closed-loop pipeline can only connect to analyzers of its own brand. From a technical perspective, the hurdle to connecting a pipeline to third-party brands lies only in addressing the interface modules between the tracks and analyzers, as well as upgrading the information management system. Currently, the domestic conveyor belt market is a highly competitive field, with intense rivalry among players. Importers are upgrading their products and introducing new generations of conveyor belts, while leading domestic manufacturers have also joined this competition and achieved good results.