Knowledge||A comprehensive understanding of the “on” and “off” states of solenoid valves,

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“\"Throughflow\" and \"position\" are important concepts in pneumatic directional solenoid valves. Different \"through\" and \"position\" configurations result in different types of pneumatic directional solenoid valves. The so-called \"2-position valve\" and \"3-position valve\" refer to directional control valves whose spool has two or three different operating positions. The so-called \"2-way valve\", \"3-way valve\", and \"4-way valve\" refer to directional control valves that have two, three, or four separate ports on their body, each of which can be connected to different oil or gas lines in the system. Communication between different oil/gas pathways is possible only through the opening and closing of the valve ports as the valve spool moves; the number of working states such a valve has determines its rating. If there are symbols for pneumatic components, it becomes easier to understand – the number of squares within the valve body symbol (with arrows or T-shaped lines) indicates the valve’s rating. And the “several crossings” referred to later indicate how many points there are on one of the squares (points that intersect with the arrow lines and the T lines); that number represents the number of crossings. The meanings of the graphic symbols are generally as follows: (1) A box is used to indicate the operating position of the valve; the number of boxes indicates the number of \"positions\"” ； (2) The arrow inside the box indicates that the oil circuit is in an open state, but the direction of the arrow does not necessarily represent the actual direction of the fluid flow ； (3) The symbols “┻” or “┳” within the box indicate that the path is blocked ； (4) The number of interfaces connected outside the box indicates the number of \"channels\"” ； (5) Generally, the inlet port for oil/gas connection to the system’s oil supply line or gas supply line is denoted by the letter p ； The oil/gas return ports through which the valve is connected to the system’s oil/gas return circuit are denoted by t (sometimes by o) ； The oil/gas ports connecting the valve to the actuator are denoted by a, b, etc. Sometimes, the symbol l is used to represent this. (6) Directional control valves all have two or more operating positions, one of which is the normal position – that is, the position in which the valve spool is not under any longitudinal force. The median in the graphic symbol represents the normal position of the three-way valve. A two-position valve using spring return has the path state within the box adjacent to the spring as its normal position. Draw system diagrams; the oil/gas circuits are generally connected to the normal position of the directional control valve. The figure below shows a three-way four-position valve