32 technical terms related to the commissioning of electrical, instrumentation, and control systems

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Changhui Instruments has compiled 32 technical terms related to the testing of electrical, instrumentation, and control systems and shared them with professionals in this field, to help them understand the meaning of these terms properly and carry out the testing work for electrical, instrumentation, and control systems more effectively. 1. Precommissioning is a phase during which activities such as non-operational adjustments of mechanical equipment, cold-state alignment checks, cleaning, and testing are carried out. 2. Mechanical completion: this is a milestone at which the installation or a part of it has been installed in accordance with the requirements of relevant drawings, regulations, instructions, as well as standards and specifications, and has passed the tests, thereby meeting the prerequisites for conducting cold tests. Note: Mechanical completion means that all necessary electrical and instrumentation work has been finished. This milestone marks the end of the pre-commissioning activities. 3. Cold commissioning: a phase during which, before chemicals are introduced into the system, related activities involve using test media such as water or inert substances to test and operate the equipment or devices. yunrun.com.cn/tech/2717.html 4. The ‘start up’ milestone marks the end of the cold test drive. Note: At this point, the operating range of each instrument loop should have been adjusted to a state that reflects the actual operating conditions. 5. Hot commissioning: a phase during which, before actual production begins, the relevant activities involve using real process chemicals to test and operate the equipment or installations. 6. Start of production – a milestone that marks the end of the hot test run. Note: Starting from the time it begins operation, the unit can operate at full load continuously. 7. Performance test milestone: at this point, the production facility reaches its designed capacity. Note: This assessment is carried out by the owner’s personnel under the supervision and assistance of the contractor, with the aim of verifying the contractor’s process performance and consumption guarantees specified in the contract. 8. Plant acceptance: a milestone at which the contractor formally transfers the plant to the owner. Note: From this time onward, the contractor’s responsibilities are waived, except for those related to defect liability and any outstanding obligations that are part of the contract itself. The owner begins to bear full responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the installation. 9. The owner is the company that hires contractors to build the installation. 10. A contractor is a company hired by the owner to design and construct installations for them. Note: The contractor is responsible for the activities specified in a separate contract, including the engineering design, procurement, and installation of the plant, as well as all tests and inspections necessary to deliver a functional plant. The company may also be responsible for training the producers and maintenance staff who operate the equipment. 11. A licensor is a company or individual that provides the proprietary process technologies or technical know-how it possesses to the owner, for use in the construction, operation, and maintenance of a facility or a part of it. 12. Vendor: the manufacturer or distributor of equipment/instruments/completed sets. Note: The supplier is an expert in the proper installation and operation of equipment/instruments/completed systems. 13. The process industry is an industry that uses techniques such as chemical reactions, separation, or mixing to manufacture new products, improve existing products, or treat waste. It includes the following industries: chemicals, petrochemicals, waste treatment, papermaking, and the cement industry, among others. It does not include the following industries: equipment, machinery manufacturing, and similar industries, nor does it include industries with special requirements or that need special approval. 14. Manpower mobilization plan: A chart showing personnel capabilities, qualifications, and arrival times. 15. Supplier documentation: product description documents. Example: The data sheets, reference materials, operation manuals, and spare parts list for the supplied equipment or system are all part of the supplier’s documents. 16. Piping and instrumentation diagram ； The P&ID is a drawing that complies with ISO 10628-2; it shows the process equipment and pipe connections of the installation, with the identification of electrical and instrumentation equipment in accordance with the specific requirements of the project. 17. General design requirements refer to the design guidelines that meet the specific requirements of a project as well as relevant laws and regulations. 18. Test report: A report detailing the test steps and their results. 19. Test plan: A summary of all tests specified in the contract. 20. Punch list: a list of all unfinished tasks. 21. Checklist: A list of all the testing tasks. 22. Operating manual: Instructions provided by the manufacturer in accordance with IEC 62079 for the operation and use of a particular device or system. 23. A process flow diagram is a diagram showing the process equipment and the main piping connections of a device, in accordance with the requirements of ISO 10628-2. The labeling of the main electrical and instrumentation equipment must meet the specific requirements of the project. 24. Loop list: a tabular list of all electrical and instrumentation loop numbers, accompanied by tag numbers, functions, and PID reference numbers. 25. Instrument index: a table listing all instruments, including their tag numbers, instrument types, and the assigned identifiers. 26. A loop diagram, in accordance with IEC 62424, uses graphic symbols to represent the hardware and/or software functions of a control loop, showing the devices and their connections including terminals in topological order. 27. The loop sheet is a data table that contains all the relevant information regarding electrical and instrumentation elements, including tag numbers, functions, descriptions, measurement ranges, locations, process data, and instrument data. 28. Hazardous area classification drawing: A plan view that shows the hazardous areas and temperature classifications, with each area clearly marked through these classifications and zoning. 29. The E&I plot plan shows the locations of electrical and instrumentation equipment in the general layout and architectural drawings. 30. Cabinet layout drawing: A drawing that shows, in proportion, the arrangement of all devices, terminal blocks, cable trays, and other components inside cabinets, control panels, and similar devices. 31. Functional diagram or logic diagram: an electrical and instrumentation function description diagram drawn in accordance with IEC 61131, intended solely for digital signal processing. 32. Functional description: A verbal description of the tasks, functions, and logical relationships in the operation of electrical systems and instruments, such as sequential control, batch control, and interlocking. These technical terms are taken from the standard GB/T 22135-2019 \"Specific stages and milestones for the commissioning of electrical, instrumentation, and control systems in process industries.\" Those who are interested can visit Changhui Instrument Network to read more valuable articles that help improve the level of instrument automation technology.