【Y2025】Which projects require HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis)?
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The attachment is: Which projects require a HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis).
For reference: When conducting risk identification and analysis on production and storage facilities involving highly regulated hazardous chemicals, highly regulated hazardous chemical processes, and major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals (collectively referred to as “two key areas and one major hazard”), the HAZOP technique should be employed, and such analyses should generally be carried out every 3 years. For the risk identification and analysis of other production and storage facilities, depending on the degree of complexity of those facilities, methods such as safety checklists, job hazard analyses, preliminary hazard analyses, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), and HAZOP techniques, or combinations of several such methods, can be used; this analysis can be carried out every 5 years.
For reference: Various accidents or incidents may occur during the operation of the device. When investigating the causes of such accidents or serious incidents, defects in the device’s design or in the operation procedures, as well as a lack of effectiveness in the protective measures, may be identified. To correct these defects, it is necessary to update or even redo the HAZOP analysis for certain components.
For reference: HAZOP analyses are all based on the given operating conditions; if these conditions change, for example: 1) changes in the process route, control logic, or operating load； 2) Changes occur in the safe operating ranges of parameters such as temperature, level, pressure, flow rate, and component ratios for equipment like distillation towers, absorption towers, reactors, storage tanks, and heat exchangers ； 3) Changes occur in the equipment model specifications, materials, etc. These changes would originally cause the conditions assumed in the HAZOP analysis to no longer hold, rendering the conclusions of the HAZOP analysis less applicable to the existing plant.
For reference: \"Full Life Cycle Management of Risks\" divides risk management into sub-categories such as risk identification, risk control, and risk monitoring, with appropriate risk management methods for each of these sub-categories. HAZOP is a risk management method that covers multiple specialized areas.
For reference: HAZOP is short for Hazard and Operability Study, which refers to a structured and systematic risk analysis method. This method originated in a British chemical company in the 1960s, was gradually introduced to China later on, and is now widely used in the process industries both domestically and internationally.
For reference: HAZOP is a typical qualitative risk analysis method. Its core idea is to identify a series of deviations for the object under analysis; focusing on these deviations or more specific variations, it proceeds to analyze the causes behind them and assess the likelihood of those causes occurring； Analyze in detail the consequences caused by the deviations, and assess the severity of those consequences ； And corresponding countermeasures/protection measures are proposed for the causes and consequences respectively.
For reference: In HAZOP practice, other analysis elements can be added as needed, such as classifying protective measures into preventive and mitigative types, or specifying the responsible persons for those measures.
For reference: In practice, a typical HAZOP work scenario involves a team of professionals from different fields coming together to conduct a HAZOP analysis in the form of meetings, which is similar to a brainstorming session.
For reference: In terms of risk management, HAZOP establishes a core framework for risk management that includes elements such as risk identification, cause/consequence analysis, risk level assessment, and analysis of protective measures; in other words, it represents a logical system of risk thinking, which is the core value of HAZOP.