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Coated asphalt: 1. Natural microcrystalline graphite is coated with phenolic resin, and after carbonization treatment, a phenolic resin-carbon coated graphite anode material for lithium-ion batteries is obtained. The system investigated the effect of the amount of phenolic resin coating on the crystal structure and electrochemical properties of microcrystalline graphite. The results show that phenolic resin carbon improved the surface morphology of natural microcrystalline graphite, but did not alter its crystal structure; coating an appropriate amount of phenolic resin carbon can enhance the first charge-discharge efficiency of the anode material, and it can also significantly improve its cycling performance under high-current charge-discharge conditions. The first charge-discharge efficiency of graphite coated with phenolic resin carbon having a phenolic resin coating amount of 4% was 81.4%, and it retained a lithium removal capacity of 257.9 mAh/g after 50 cycles at a current density of 0.5C. 2. The raw materials used in the production of lithium batteries mainly include four components: cathode materials, anode materials, electrolyte, and separator. Among them, the anode material is one of the four key materials in lithium-ion batteries, and it is a crucial material that determines the battery’s safety, performance, cost, and lifespan. The negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries that are widely used in commercial applications are mainly graphite-based. Due to certain structural defects inherent in graphite, coating treatment is required in some cases, depending on the application, in order to reduce their initial irreversible capacity and improve cycle performance. Coated asphalt remains a raw material for the production of various high-performance, high-value-added asphalt-based carbon materials. Spherical activated carbon prepared from coated asphalt, along with other important functional material products, is in high demand both domestically and internationally. There is a significant demand for asphalt-based spherical activated carbon in the military sector (for specialized adsorption and protection purposes) as well as in the medical field (for blood purification devices). Furthermore, this asphalt can also be used to produce carbon fibers via spinning processes. The unique performance characteristics of asphalt-based carbon fiber products enable their use in many industries that are key to the national economy. The high-performance products derived from these materials are mainly utilized in the aviation, aerospace, and other fields; they represent one of the high-value-added products made from asphalt. Globally, there is an overall shortage of carbon fiber materials.