Condensing turbines and backpressure turbines
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I’m a complete beginner when it comes to equipment, and I’d like to ask about the concepts of condensing turbines and back-pressure turbines, as well as their differences. The more detailed the explanation, the better. Thank you
This is merely a naming convention based on thermal characteristics; they are classified as condensing turbines, extraction-condensing turbines, back-pressure turbines, back-pressure extraction turbines, and multi-pressure turbines. Condensing type refers to a system in which the exhaust steam enters the condenser under a vacuum condition with pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, where it then condenses into water ； Back-pressure type refers to a situation where the exhaust pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.
The difference lies in the exhaust pressure; typically, in turbines where the exhaust pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, the exhaust steam enters a condenser where it condenses into saturated water. Such turbines are known as condensing turbines； In cases where the outlet pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, the turbine exhaust steam is generally supplied to heat users; this is the case for back-pressure turbines.
The steam from the back-pressure turbine outlet is utilized; it generally passes through a temperature-reducing pressure regulator and enters the medium-pressure pipeline network. As for the steam from the condenser outlet, it is condensed by vacuum extraction, and the condensate water is recycled back to the boiler. I suggest the original poster search on Haichuan; there’s a lot of relevant information there. It’s hard to explain everything in just a few words
The exhaust methods vary; in the condensing type, the steam that has been used is condensed to enable the Rankine cycle, while in the back-pressure type, the exhaust from the turbine can be used in subsequent processes to generate more power