Blast distribution device for fluidized bed gasifier
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The distribution plate is a very important component in a fluidized bed. The specific structure of a distribution plate generally consists of an air cap, a pattern plate, and a protective layer. Its functions in a fluidized bed include supporting the material, providing appropriate resistance to airflow, and ensuring stable fluidization. With the industrial application of fluidization technology, there are an increasing variety of distribution plates. Some consist of air nozzles and a distributor plate, while others have only a distributor plate without any air nozzles. The function of the ceiling plate is to secure the wind cap, and it is usually made of steel plate or cast iron plate. In addition to the area of the openings, the surrounding installation dimensions and structure must also be taken into account when designing the ceiling grid; sometimes a larger hole needs to be created in the middle for connecting the ash duct. The Endu furnace and HTW use nozzle air distribution, KRW uses nozzles, U-gas uses a conical gas distribution plate + venturi tube, and ICC uses a distribution plate + annular tube + central jet tube. Let’s discuss whether nozzles are better or air caps are better
Nozzles are a good option; they are easy to install and convenient for maintenance and replacement
There are various structures for distribution plates, and fluidized beds are not used solely for gasification; they are also employed in processes such as pyrolysis and catalytic reactions. Since reactors use flat distribution plates in these cases, those equipped with air caps are more common, thereby reducing the risk of material leakage. For gasification, the distribution plate needs to ensure even gas distribution on one hand, and prevent issues such as slag formation on the other. Wind-cap types are prone to having dead zones, so a perforated conical distribution plate is chosen. The distribution in the central tube is necessary for gasification furnaces: on one hand, it can generate significant momentum that leads to intense turbulence in the bed, resulting in more uniform mixing of the materials; on the other hand, it helps create high-temperature zones, thereby improving efficiency.