What is the loading pressure for gasoline and diesel? What are the consequences of overpressure?

There are no particular pressure requirements for loading onto the ship; it is sufficient that the pumps in the storage area can overcome the height difference and friction losses to reach the ship’s hold. Like storage tanks, oil tankers are also equipped with breather valves, so there is no issue of overpressure.

What is the loading pressure for gasoline and diesel? What are the consequences of overpressure? The loading system is equipped with HLF constant flow valves and piston-type CNC electro-hydraulic valves. Overview of HLF constant flow valves: The HLF100 constant flow valve is an automatic control valve that maintains a constant flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline, even when there are fluctuations in the flow rate of that fluid. Installing a constant flow valve on the pipeline for measuring fluids enables the flow meter to operate at a stable flow rate, improving the accuracy of oil measurement. It also prevents damage to the flow meter and other pipeline equipment caused by phenomena such as \"water hammer\" resulting from sudden changes in flow rate within the pipeline. Working principle of the HLF100 constant flow valve: When fluid enters the constant flow valve, it passes through the flow throttling section A formed by the throttle plate and the fluid channel, then through the flow passage section f formed by the valve and the outlet channel, before exiting the constant flow valve. When fluid flows through section A, the pressure acting on the front side of the throttle plate balances the force of the reverse spring, thereby enabling a constant flow rate. When the flow rate increases, the pressure on the throttle plate rises (P increases), and this compresses the spring, causing the valve to move toward the outlet. The inlet area A remains unchanged, while the outlet area f decreases, which leads to an increase in the reverse pressure on the throttle plate. As a result, the pressure difference across the throttle plate decreases (P drops), allowing the throttle plate to remain in balance at its new position. At this time, the pressure difference (P) across the throttle plate or the outlet pressure remains constant; according to the principles of Bernoulli’s equation, the flow rate can stay unchanged, thus achieving a constant flow. Overview of piston-type electro-hydraulic valves: The FBDF series of piston-type digital control electro-hydraulic valves are valves that are controlled by electromagnetic pilot valves, with the pressure of the medium itself driving the main valve piston to move to any desired position. Controlled by specialized computer software, they enable automatic regulation of the flow rate, velocity, and pressure of the conveyed medium, and offer functions such as constant flow and constant pressure control, as well as shock absorption. It is a new type of numerically controlled electro-hydraulic automatic control valve developed on the basis of diaphragm-type electro-hydraulic valves. The valve body can be made of cast aluminum, cast steel, fully stainless steel, etc., offering a wide range of applications. The reliability and controllability of the product are superior to those of diaphragm-type electro-hydraulic valves. Working principle of DN100 piston-type electro-hydraulic valve: The FBDF series piston-type CNC electro-hydraulic valve consists of six valves in total, namely one normally open solenoid valve, one normally closed solenoid valve, three 3/8” manual ball valves (needle valves), and the main valve (piston cut-off valve) (as shown in the figure). The normally open solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline upstream of the control circuit, while the normally closed solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline downstream of the control circuit. During the pipeline transportation of media, when it is necessary to open a valve, a signal to open the valve is sent by the computer; the normally open solenoid valve is energized (closing), while the normally closed solenoid valve is energized (opening). At this point, the passage from the upstream side to the upper chamber of the main valve piston is blocked, while the passage from the upper chamber of the main valve piston to the downstream side is opened. At this point, the pressure of the medium at the lower part of the piston is higher than that at the upper part; the medium in the upper chamber of the main valve piston is discharged into the downstream pipeline through the channel of the normally closed solenoid valve, causing the main valve to open. When it is necessary to close the valve, the computer sends a signal to close the valve; the normally open solenoid valve loses power and thus opens, while the normally closed solenoid valve also loses power and thus closes. At this point, the passage from the upstream side to the upper chamber of the main valve piston becomes open, while the passage from the upper chamber of the main valve piston to the downstream side is blocked. The high-pressure medium from upstream enters the upper chamber of the main valve piston through the normally open solenoid valve. At this point, the pressures on the upper and lower sides of the piston are equal, and the spring force causes the main valve to close. During the opening and closing of the main valve, the normally open solenoid valve is energized (closed), while the normally closed solenoid valve is de-energized (closed). At this point, both the upstream and downstream passages are in a closed state; the medium pressure is trapped in the upper chamber of the main valve piston, locking the main valve in a fixed open position and thus maintaining a constant flow rate of the medium at the main valve outlet. When the upstream flow rate changes, the microcomputer sends signals to the corresponding solenoid valves based on the feedback from the flow meter, thereby allowing automatic adjustment back to the preset flow rate value. The control circuit of the FBDF series of CNC electro-hydraulic valves is also equipped with two manual ball valves that serve as response valves for the main valve. The one located in the upstream control circuit is used to close the control valve, while the one in the downstream control circuit is used to open it. By adjusting the opening degree of these two small valves according to the viscosity of the medium and the actual pipeline pressure, it is possible to fine-tune the opening and closing of the main valve (closure level: not more than 3/4) ； To more effectively eliminate water hammer in pipelines. The FBDF series DN100 piston-type electro-hydraulic valves are equipped with a ball valve in the downstream control circuit as a manual control valve; when power is lost or the solenoid valve fails to function, manually operating this valve allows the main valve to be opened or closed. It can also be used to check whether the piston of the main valve is working properly or is damaged.

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