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The heat transfer mechanism of plate heat exchangers is based on the laws of thermodynamics: \"Heat always flows from objects with higher temperatures to those with lower temperatures; whenever there is a temperature difference between two objects, heat transfer occurs.\" ”When the two liquids convect on either side of the plates in a plate heat exchanger, heat is transferred from the liquid on the higher-temperature side to the liquid on the lower-temperature side (generally, the high-temperature side is on the primary side, while the low-temperature side is on the secondary side). Thanks to the optimized design of the corrugated wave structure of the plates, its heat exchange efficiency can reach around 92%; as a result, the heat from the high-temperature side can be effectively absorbed and utilized by the low-temperature side. Specifically, as shown in the figure, on the high-temperature side, the dark red arrow indicates the inlet on that side, while the pink arrow indicates the outlet on the high-temperature side ； On the low-temperature side, dark blue indicates the inlet on that side, while light blue indicates the outlet on that side. When the liquid enters through the dark red inlet, heat is transferred to the liquid on the low-temperature side that enters through the dark blue inlet via convection across the plates. After the liquid temperature on the high-temperature side drops, the liquid flows out from the pink outlet ； After the liquid temperature on the low-temperature side rises, the liquid flows out from the sky-blue outlet. At this point, the liquid completes the heat exchange process. Plate heat exchangers offer many advantages such as a compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency, easy installation, small floor space requirements, and low maintenance costs. They are now widely used in industries such as electricity, petroleum, chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, food processing, pharmaceuticals, shipbuilding, and households