Regarding the forces on pipeline supports
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1. For ordinary straight pipes, the supporting force is only frictional; according to the documentation, this type of support is considered a rigid support – is that the same as an ordinary sliding support? And friction is manifested as thrust; I wonder if it has a direction? Where to? 2 As mentioned in 1, is this force still present if it is a spring support? 3 What forces are most commonly considered in the design of thermal pipelines? Friends who are experienced or interested are welcome to join the discussion
It also has to bear downward forces, the weight of the pipes and the medium inside them; steam pipes are subject to thermal expansion, as well as pipe creep