Seeking guidance on the startup process of a steam turbine

The turbine you have uses technology from Mitsubishi in Japan; the turbines produced by Jinhua Machinery in China (not the Siemens ones made in Huludao these days) that I have come across are started in this way.

This was the earliest speed control device for steam engines; when the main steam valve was not open, the regulating valve remained fully open. Slowly open the main steam valve: start up the turbine and warm up the heater. At this point, as the rotational speed gradually increases, the governor begins to operate; the governing valves then start to act. Once the rotational speed no longer rises after slowly opening the main steam valve, the main steam valve can be fully opened. At this point, the opening degree of the control valve can be adjusted according to the process requirements (either manually or automatically) to ensure that the speed requirements of the turbine are met.

:funk::funk::funk: What kind of little gadget is that;P

The Qingdao Jieneng small-scale units are started in the same way

The startup modes of the turbine control system are manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic. You are referring to the manual method. In semi-automatic mode, with the control steam valve closed, the main steam valve (quick-shut valve) is opened fully; a target speed is set, and the control steam valve is used to adjust the speed until it reaches that target value, after which the speed remains stable until the next increase in speed. The difference between fully automatic and semi-automatic systems is that the speed increases automatically according to a predetermined start-up curve, without the need for manual intervention; moreover, the start-up in hot condition can also be adjusted automatically based on the status of the unit. Beyond the critical point, both can pass smoothly and quickly.

V. Preparatory work before startup 1. Clean the unit thoroughly; check whether the foundation bolts of the unit are loose and whether the coupling is properly installed； Check whether the process gas pipelines, steam pipelines, and the pipelines of all auxiliary systems are in good condition, as well as whether the instruments are functioning properly ； Check whether the pressure gauges and thermometers at the site are installed properly. 2. Contact the dispatch team and check whether the operational parameters such as circulating water, fresh water, electricity, steam, purified air, unpurified air, nitrogen, and dry gas are available; if not, request the dispatch team’s assistance in resolving the issue. 3. The lubricating oil tank should be filled with sufficient turbine oil; the quality of this oil must meet the required standards as verified through sampling and analysis, and there should be enough spare oil available for emergency use. The pressure filter should also be in good condition and ready for use. 4. Contact the electrician to supply power to the auxiliary pump motor, and the instrumentation team to supply power to the CS1000 control panel and the on-site instruments. 5. Contact the instrumentation team to inspect and activate all measuring, control, and recording instruments, and to carry out calibration and adjustment. 6. Introduce 1.0 MPa steam to the manual valve in front of the small turbine; be careful to remove water from the steam along its path to prevent water hammer. 7. Establish oil circulation and conduct unit self-protection tests. (1) Turn the main and auxiliary oil pumps by hand to check for any friction or sticking ； Check whether the oil system flow is unobstructed and correct. (2) Supply protective nitrogen to the fuel tank and oil sealing degassing tank. (3) If the oil temperature is below 21°C, the fuel tank steam heater must be used to properly heat the lubricating oil. (4) After warming up, start the steam pump and conduct self-protection tests for the main pipe oil pressure as well as for low oil pressure conditions in the lubricating oil and seal oil. (5) Introduce N2 for sealing the unit, and adjust the seal gas differential pressure control valve to maintain a differential pressure of 50 KPa. (6) Establish a normal oil circulation and keep the oil pressure within the controlled range: the lubricating oil pressure should be 0.1–0.13 MPa, the seal oil differential pressure should be 0.20–0.27 MPa, the control oil pressure should be 0.517–0.68 MPa, and the pressure in the accumulator should not be lower than 0.414 MPa. Set the auxiliary pump to automatic mode on the CS1000. (7) Conduct the oil pressure self-protection test: The operator slowly opens the valve at the oil pump outlet that leads back to the tank on site; when the oil pressure drops to 1.656 MPa, check whether the auxiliary oil pump starts promptly ； When the oil pressure in the main oil circuit is normal, gradually close the manual valve in front of the lubricating oil control valve to slowly reduce the lubricating oil pressure, test the pressure self-protection function, and keep detailed records. In case of any abnormalities, prompt action should be taken to address them. (8) Contact the instrumentation personnel to conduct self-protection tests for other analog signals of the unit. 8. After the self-protection test is completed, the auxiliary oil pump should be stopped and placed in automatic standby mode ； Restore and confirm that all interlocks are in operation, and verify that all trip indications of the unit have been cleared. 9. Preparation work for the use of valves in process pipelines (1) Open the inlet and outlet water valves for the intercooling circulating water ； (2) Expel air with gas ； When there is gas pressure in the D202 system, open the DN600 pneumatic butterfly valve at the inlet, close the pneumatic gate valve at the outlet, and open the vent flare valves by several turns to use the gas to displace the air for more than 20 minutes. (3) Open the drain valve of the unit and the rich gas inlet pipe up to the oil return valve of D-305, fully drain the condensed oil, and then close them. (4) Position of process valves before startup: ① The pneumatic butterfly valve DN600 at the machine inlet shall be fully open. ②Pneumatic gate valve at machine outlet, DN350, fully closed. ③Open the outlet backflow manual valve fully; on the CS1000, open the backflow control valve fully, and adjust the bypass valve to 3-5 turns. ④The backpressure steam outlet butterfly valve is fully closed, and the backpressure steam vent valve is fully open. ⑤The manual valves before and after the outlet safety valve are fully open. ⑥Open the flare valve at the outlet to 10–12 turns. 10. Contact the control room to direct the main steam to be vented in front of the turbine T&T valve, with water removed along the way ； Open all drain valves of the turbine. 11. Rotate the crank 2–3 times to confirm that there are no abnormalities. VI. Startup steps: 1. Ensure that the main steam pipeline has been fully warmed up. 2. Check that the T&T valve, governor, trip mechanism, and other safety devices are in good working condition. 3. Visually check whether the manual trip pin has been returned to its original position. 4. Check that the main steam temperature TI-801 is above 350°C and the pressure PI-411 is above 3.5 MPa; otherwise, contact the control room for handling. Check again whether all parameters on the CS1000 startup screen meet the requirements for startup. 5. On the CS1000, first display the speed control screen; set “START” to “Reset”, set F2 to “Manual Acceleration”, and set ST-1 and ST-2 to automatic mode. 6. Set “START” to “Drive”; at this point, the SIC-555 is automatically set to the “Automatic” mode, and its set value is automatically adjusted to 1500 rpm. When the throttle valve is fully open, the personnel on site slowly open the main steam valve in order to increase the rotation speed and maintain it around 1000 rpm. The turbine operates at this low speed for about 30 minutes, allowing all its components to heat up evenly, after which the main steam valve is slightly opened to raise the rotation speed to 1500 rpm. 7. Operate the extraction steam device and the purge air system (keeping its pressure at around a slight positive pressure of 15 KPa), and reduce the flow rate of the vent valves and the condensate discharge valves located before the main steam valve. 8. Run the unit at around 1500 rpm for 30 minutes, check for any grinding noises, and verify that all vibration levels, displacements, and bearing temperatures are within normal ranges; if anything is abnormal, stop the unit immediately. 9. F2 is currently in “manual acceleration” mode; use the up button to increase the speed to around 2000 rpm and run it for 30 minutes to check its operation. Then, adjust the speed between 1500-2500 rpm using the up or down button to examine the speed control performance of the CS1000. 10. Adjust the rotation speed to 1500 rpm and prepare to increase it; contact the control room, first reduce the flow at the inlet and close the flare valve, thereby raising the reaction pressure to 0.095–0.10 MPa. (1) Automatic acceleration: Set F2 to “automatic acceleration” indoors, and simultaneously contact the site to quickly open the main steam valve until it is fully open, while gradually closing the main steam vent valve. At this point, SIC-555 is automatically set to the \"cascade\" mode, with its setpoint increasing at an acceleration of 30 rpm/s ； When the rotational speed reaches 2500 rpm, the SIC-555 accelerates at a rate of 100 rpm/s ； When the speed reaches 4700 rpm, the SIC-555 accelerates at a rate of 30 rpm/s. When the rotational speed reaches 5670 rpm, the SIC-555 is automatically set to the “automatic” mode, the “START” button is automatically reset, and F2 is automatically set to “manual acceleration”. Bring up the SIC-555 screen, and use the up button to increase the speed to 6500 rpm. (2) Manual acceleration: Inside the control room, set F2 to “Manual Acceleration” and bring up the SIC-555 screen; at this point, SIC-555 is set to “Automatic”. Click on the “DATA” window and enter 5800 rpm (or use the increase button to raise the speed), while simultaneously instructing the crew on site to quickly open the main steam valve and gradually close the main steam vent valve. Once the engine unit has quickly passed through the surge zone and reached a speed of 5800 rpm, use the increase button to raise the speed to 6500 rpm ； Use the up or down button to adjust the speed until the unit stabilizes. 11. Close the drain valve on the turbine casing; check that the main steam valve is fully open and lock it in that position. Check the operation of the governor by adjusting the speed using the SIC-555 on the CS-1000 controller. 12. Open the drain valve on the compressor casing to drain the condensed oil, then close it. 13. Close the bypass valve of the anti-flotation control valve, fully close the inlet flare valve, and maintain the reaction pressure within the normal range. 14. Gradually close the rich gas outlet flare valve to ensure that the pressure at the rich gas outlet is higher than the pressure in the absorption tower. Connect to the stabilization unit, open the pneumatic gate valve, fully close the outlet flare valve, and send the rich gas to the stabilization unit. 15. Check the liquid levels in D303, D305, and D306; when the levels are high, drain the oil to D202. 16. Once the dry gas meets the specifications, it is led to D-209; liquid removal is intensified, and the nitrogen sealing is replaced with dry gas sealing. 17. Once the steam system is stable, introduce the backpressure steam into the system.