Basic structure of piston compressor

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Figure 2-1 shows the structural diagram of a reciprocating compressor. The machine structure is L-shaped and has two-stage compression. In the figure, the first-level cylinders are listed vertically and the second-level cylinders are listed horizontally. The parts in the picture can be divided into four parts. The working chamber volume part is the part that directly handles gas. Taking the first-stage cylinder as an example, it includes: valve 5, cylinder 6, piston 7, etc. The gas enters the cylinder suction chamber from the intake pipe above the first-stage cylinder, then enters the cylinder working chamber volume through the suction valve. After being compressed to increase the pressure, it passes through the exhaust valve to the exhaust chamber, and finally flows out of the first-stage cylinder through the exhaust pipe. The piston is driven by the transmission part through the piston rod 4. The piston is provided with a piston ring 8 to seal the gap between the piston and the cylinder. The packing 9 is used to seal the part where the piston rod passes through the cylinder. The transmission part is a set of driving mechanisms that convert the rotational motion of the motor into the reciprocating motion of the piston, including connecting rod 1, crankshaft 2, and crosshead 10. The crank pin is connected to the big end of the connecting rod, the small end of the connecting rod is connected to the crosshead through the crosshead pin, and finally the crosshead is connected to the piston rod. The fuselage part is used to support (or connect) the components of the cylinder part and the transmission part. In addition, other auxiliary equipment can also be installed. Auxiliary equipment refers to the corresponding equipment designed to make the machine work normally, in addition to the above-mentioned main parts. Such as the oil pump and oil injector that supply lubricating oil to the friction parts of the moving mechanism and the cylinder; the intercooler 3; when the required air volume is less than the normal air volume supplied by the compressor, the adjustment system is used to reduce the supplied air volume. In addition, there are safety valves, filters, buffer containers, etc. in the gas pipeline system.