How to ensure the long-term operation of steam turbines
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How to ensure long-term operation of a turbine: 1. Reasonable allocation of wear and tear· Life allocation: During the design life of the turbine, the wear and tear should be allocated reasonably among different operating modes, such as cold start, warm start, hot start, etc. For example, a higher rate of life loss can be assigned to cold starts, while a lower rate should be assigned to hot starts. · Life management: According to the life management curve provided by the manufacturer, 20% of the creep life is consumed, while 80% of the fatigue life is used up; the remaining 20% serves as a buffer for unexpected incidents. 2. Strategies for reducing life loss · Prevention during the startup phase: During the startup phase of the steam turbine, it is necessary to appropriately select the steam parameters for barring and the steam temperature for the shaft seal, while strictly controlling the rate of metal temperature rise to prevent brittle damage. · Maintenance during operation: Avoid significant short-term fluctuations in load. Strictly control the rate of change in the temperature of the working fluid on the rotor surface during operation within the maximum permissible limits, so as to prevent a severe mismatch between the main and reheat steam temperatures, the steam temperature supplied to the shaft seals, and the metal temperature on the rotor surface. 3. Shutdown protection · Protection of the oil system: After shutdown, the lubricating oil system should be maintained to ensure that moisture in the oil condenses and is removed, thereby reducing corrosion in the oil circuits. · Protection of the water system: When shutting down, it is necessary to ensure that all water in the steam and water system is drained to prevent moisture from causing corrosion to the equipment. · Corrosion protection of turbines: Turbines that have not been in use for a long time should undergo regular inspections and maintenance, and measures such as nitrogen filling should be employed to enhance the equipment’s resistance to corrosion. Through these measures, the operating life of the steam turbine can be effectively extended, ensuring its safe and efficient operation for 20 years.
To ensure the long-term operation of steam turbines, several key measures can be taken: 1. **Reasonable allocation of life consumption** – **Life distribution**: Within the designed service life of the steam turbine, an appropriate rate of life consumption should be allocated to various operating modes (such as cold start, warm start, and hot start). For example, a cold start can be assigned a higher rate of life degradation, while a hot start is assigned a lower rate of life degradation. - **Life management**: Management should be carried out in accordance with the life management curve provided by the manufacturer. Pay attention to the proportions of creep life loss and fatigue life loss, as well as the amount of life loss reserved for unexpected accidents. 2. **Strategies to reduce life-cycle degradation** – **Prevention during startup**: During the turbine startup phase, select appropriate parameters for the starting steam and the temperature of the shaft seal steam, and strictly control the rate of metal temperature rise in order to avoid brittle damage. - **Maintenance during the operating phase**: Avoid significant short-term fluctuations in load; strictly control the rate of change in the temperature of the working fluid on the rotor surface during operation. Ensure that the temperatures of the main and reheat steam, as well as the steam supplied to the shaft seals, are compatible with the metal temperature of the rotor surface. 3. **Shut-down protection** – **Protection of the oil system**: After shutdown, the lubricating oil system should be maintained to ensure that moisture in the oil is condensed and removed, thereby reducing corrosion in the oil circuits. - **Protection of the water system**: When shutting down, ensure that all water in the steam and water system is drained to prevent moisture from causing corrosion to the equipment. - **Corrosion protection of turbines**: Turbines that have not been in use for a long time should undergo regular inspection and maintenance, and measures such as nitrogen filling should be employed to enhance the equipment’s resistance to corrosion. Through these measures, the operating life of the steam turbine can be effectively extended, ensuring its safe and efficient operation for 20 years. .