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Hi, this is the Industrial Control Assistant. Today, I’ll introduce to you the technical requirements that must be met in valve design for valve manufacturing processes. 1) Castings ① should have a rational structure taken into account based on the properties of different materials. For example, due to the large volume contraction of malleable cast iron parts and the need for tempering heat treatment, the dimensions and thickness of such castings should be kept as small as possible; whereas stainless steel castings have poor fluidity, so a greater thickness should be chosen in the design, and the shape should be kept as simple as possible. ②The wall thickness should be as uniform as possible; arcs and the necessary slopes should be provided at joints to ensure a smooth transition. Excessive accumulation of metal should be avoided to prevent defects such as shrinkage cavities, porosity, and cracks. ③The hollow area at the bottom of the valve body should not be too narrow or too deep; in order to ensure that the sand core has sufficient strength, the radius of the arc forming this hollow area should be at least as large as that determined by the valve’s diameter, so as to prevent the core sand from being crushed during pouring and thus avoiding difficulties in subsequent processing. ④When determining the minimum wall thickness of the valve body, it is necessary to consider not only strength and stiffness calculations but also the casting conditions and methods employed by the manufacturer, in order to achieve good quality, low weight, and material savings. ⑤Ease of demolding must be considered. 2) Forgings ① The shape of the forgings should be as simple as possible; die forgings should be used for parts produced in large quantities. ②Appropriate draft angles should be provided, and sharp corners and edges should be avoided as much as possible. 3) Heat treatment ① The requirements for heat treatment should be selected reasonably based on the properties of the material, such as hardness and mechanical properties, and a reasonable range should be established. ②For parts that are prone to deformation during heat treatment, the rigidity of the parts should be appropriately increased. 4) Cladding, mechanical processing, and assembly ① For cladded parts, consideration should be given to the weldability of both the base material and the cladding material in order to avoid defects such as cracks; at the same time, an appropriate size for the rough workpiece should also be selected. ②There must be a positioning reference to facilitate clamping and installation. ③To facilitate measurement, the design reference should be kept as consistent as possible with the measurement reference used. ④During design, conditions should be created to use standard cutting tools, standard fixtures, and standard measuring instruments, in order to reduce the need for custom-made processing equipment. ⑤Easy to grind and assemble. No more.