Thread Content
Installation and commissioning of the experimental platform for key processes in coal Classification gasification with decoupled hydrocarbon groups. Author/Source: Laboratory of Distributed Energy Supply and Renewable Energy, Institute of Thermal Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Date: 2019-06-20. Views: 12. Coal, as a major energy source, has played a vital role in supporting the rapid development of China’s economy. However, the simple and extensive use of coal has also led to the problems of high energy consumption, high pollution, and high carbon emissions. Through gasification, coal can be converted into syngas, which can then be used in efficient combined cycle systems, or it can be transformed into clean fuels such as natural gas and methanol. Gasification is a key technology for achieving the efficient, clean, and low-carbon utilization of coal. Compared with traditional one-step complete conversion gasification technologies, the future development trend of gasification lies in targeted component conversion and staged transformation, that is, achieving step-by-step conversion of coal through processes such as pyrolysis, coking, and gasification, in order to achieve orderly conversion of the chemical energy of the fuel and targeted regulation of its components. The coal staged gasification technology divides the one-step complete conversion gasification process into three steps: coking, gasification, and shift reaction. Staged gasification does not require pure oxygen supplied by an air separation process. By utilizing the chemical energy of fuel in a stepwise manner and separating the carbon components from the hydrogen components, this method enables the enrichment of high-purity CO gas without requiring additional energy, thereby significantly reducing the energy consumption for subsequent CO2 capture. For the coal staged gasification method, the Laboratory of Distributed Energy and Renewable Energy developed a reaction mechanism test bench with micro-reactors as the core, having a thermal equivalent of 5 kW, and conducted experiments on the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of key reaction processes (including coking and coke gasification reactions); preliminary experimental results have been obtained. Experimental results show that at a reaction temperature of 1150°C, the conversion rate of coke is 98.6%, with a corresponding cold gas efficiency of 84%, achieving a breakthrough in gasification technology. The power generation efficiency of a power generation system using coal staged gasification can reach 50%, which is 5 percentage points higher than that of an IGCC system using Shell gasification. Based on mechanism experiments, the Laboratory of Distributed Energy and Renewable Energy developed a 30 kW thermal equivalent coke-CO2 gasification reaction test bench. To date, the experimental setup has been developed; the main equipment has been installed at the Langfang R&D center, where it has begun to be tested and operated. The aforementioned work was supported by the **Ministry of Science and Technology’s Clean Coal Pilot Project; the resulting research findings will open up new avenues for the development of technologies to enable the low-carbon utilization of high-carbon energy sources.