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Against the backdrop of the gradual depletion of fossil fuels, worsening air pollution, and intensifying global climate change, biomass energy has emerged as a promising alternative due to its advantages such as renewability, carbon neutrality, and environmental friendliness. It has attracted widespread attention worldwide, and the development of biomass energy has been included in the energy development strategies of various countries. Brazil, the European Union, and the United States started developing biomass energy early on, each with its own advantages; however, it is still the first-generation biofuels and solid fuels that have been truly industrialized to date. Brazil’s annual production of ethanol from sugarcane exceeds 25 billion liters, accounting for more than 50% of the country’s total gasoline fuel consumption; the United States’ annual production of ethanol from corn has surpassed 40 billion liters. Countries such as the United States, Brazil, and Indonesia have made rapid progress in biodiesel production. The main raw materials used are crops such as rapeseed, soybeans, and palm oil, as well as waste fats and oils. In 2014, the production of soybean biodiesel in the United States and Brazil both exceeded 2 million tons, while Indonesia’s production of palm oil biodiesel surpassed 3.8 million tons. Many countries in Europe are **developing pelletized fuel as a biomass energy source. Sweden develops biomass co-generation mainly through the cultivation of willow energy forests, generating around 100 billion kWh of electricity per year – accounting for 16.5% of the country’s total energy consumption and 68.5% of the energy used for heating. In Denmark, direct combustion of biomass for power generation consumes about 1.5 million tons of agricultural and forestry waste per year, supplying 5% of the country’s electricity needs. Biomass energy accounts for 4% and 10% of primary energy consumption in the United States and Austria, respectively. Germany, on the other hand, uses dry fermentation of biological waste to produce biogas for combined heat and power generation; this accounts for around 7% of the country’s electricity supply. “Using food crops to produce bioenergy goes against the principles of food security, has drawn criticism from the international community, and the United Nations is also trying to halt the production of corn ethanol in the United States. Therefore, the international community has begun to explore second-generation bio-liquid fuels, primarily cellulose ethanol. The United States formulated a ‘Cellulose Ethanol Research Roadmap’ in 2006 and issued a ‘Biofuel Action Plan’ in 2008, and is actively advancing research on the cultivation of cellulose ethanol feedstocks as well as the technologies for their conversion. ”Jia Liming said, “Brazil is also developing conversion technologies to produce cellulosic ethanol using sugarcane bagasse as raw material.” Currently, the plant species commonly used as raw materials for cellulose ethanol production on an international scale include herbaceous plants such as sweet sorghum, switchgrass, foxtail grass, and miscanthus, as well as tree species like poplar and eucalyptus. The conversion techniques employed include pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, chemical methods, and physicochemical approaches. Biodiesel is also evolving toward high-end biojet fuel. ” China’s development strategy emphasizes food security – avoiding competition with other countries for grain and land; as a result, forestry has become a sector with great potential. \"Avoiding competition with other countries for grain and land\" is the fundamental principle behind China’s development of biomass energy – from the very beginning, ensuring food security has been the cornerstone of the development of biomass energy in China. Forestry possesses unparalleled and enormous potential for developing biomass energy while ensuring food security. Indeed, forestry has unique advantages in terms of both resources and land. China has 4.6 billion mu of forest land, of which over 4.4 million hectares of uncultivated mountainous and barren areas suitable for forestry can be used as bases for biomass energy raw material forests; there are also over 1.7 million hectares of fuelwood forests, producing 350 million tons of wooden energy raw materials such as logging residues each year. “China possesses enormous potential in terms of forestry raw materials. There are over 150 tree species whose fruit and seeds contain more than 40% oil. The main tree species that can be cultivated on a large scale to serve as sources for biodiesel production include Jatropha curcas, Rhus chinensis, Xanthoceras sorbifolium, Melia azedarach, Phellodendron amurense, Erythrina variegata, Rhamnus alaternus, Lindera aggregata, Elaeis guineensis, and Broussonetia papyrifera. ”Jia Liming said. **The Forestry Bureau was also the first to issue the \"National Development Plan for Forestry Biomass Energy (2011–2020)\", which outlined the development framework and direction for forestry biomass energy. Biomass power generation is the most developed form of biomass energy use in our country; there are over 60 such enterprises in the country, which primarily use straw, wooden materials, and similar substances to generate electricity. The biomass power plant in Shanxian County, Heze City, Shandong Province, is China’s first biomass power plant. It has an installed capacity of 25,000 kilowatts, generates 160 million kWh of electricity per year, and can create an industrial output value of over 100 million yuan. The main raw materials for biodiesel are waste oils and tree seeds with high oil content. Yunnan Shenyu produces biodiesel from jatropha seeds. In October 2011, Air China used the biodiesel produced by them, after refining it, and mixed it in a 1:1 ratio with conventional aviation fuel for test flights of Boeing 747-400 aircraft, achieving success. Beida Weiming Group, in collaboration with the Hunan Forestry Science Academy, has developed biodiesel from Phellodendron trees, and this technology is already in use on a closed basis in certain areas. However, the development of China’s biomass energy industry has been slow; the main reason for this is that focus has been placed solely on products such as biodiesel and pelletized fuel, which yield low profits, and as a result, companies lack the motivation to develop further. How to overcome the three constraints on efficiency: raw materials, technology, and sustainable development? The Chinese model is emerging – efficiency is the lifeblood of an industry. Although support policies are essential, they must not go against market principles. If biomass energy companies wish to grow and develop on their own, they too cannot escape the survival principle of cost-effectiveness. Jia Liming believes that the three key factors restricting the development and efficiency of forestry biomass energy are: raw materials, technology, and sustainable development. At present, research institutions such as the **Energy and Non-grain Biomass R&D Center at Beijing Forestry University are collaborating with China’s key forestry biomass energy demonstration enterprises to develop a comprehensive sustainable development model for forestry biomass energy, characterized by the use of high-energy-efficiency plantation materials and the creation of efficient integrated production chains; this model has placed China among the leaders in the world. The cultivation of raw material forests follows a plantation model, with large-scale and intensive planting of the main energy-bearing tree species in China, thereby ensuring an adequate supply of raw materials and sustainability; this approach can significantly reduce the costs associated with these raw materials. Su Shuchai said that the biodiesel-producing tree species in our country should be cultivated using a set of production techniques similar to those used for apple cultivation, including the use of high-quality clonal varieties, dense planting at a reduced height, pruning, control of flowering and fruiting, management of water and nutrients, and mechanized operations. Jia Liming said that even for fuel and cellulose tree species such as acacia and caragana, high-quality varieties should be selected, and cultivation should be carried out at high density with short rotation periods. In the shrub forests such as Caragana that are widely distributed in the northwestern region of our country, if left unattended for a long time, they will only grow worse and worse; whereas cutting them back every few years not only provides raw materials but also helps to rejuvenate the forest land. The core of innovation in product manufacturing technology is the development model of an efficient integrated production industry chain. A single biomass feedstock is used to produce multiple products; the feedstock is utilized to the fullest extent, creating a long industrial chain that can significantly increase the added value of the products and the profitability of the industry. Jia Liming said that through collaborative efforts among industry, academia, and research institutions, breakthroughs have been achieved in this model. Fujian Yuanhua uses the saponin-rich pulp of the soapberry as raw material to develop high-value products such as soaps, bath gels, and shampoos; it utilizes the nuts, which contain over 40% oil, to produce biodiesel; and it uses the seed shells to manufacture high-quality activated carbon. Additionally, it expands its production range to include plant essential oils, premium cosmetics, and high-protein feed. The French Development Agency believes that the sappanwood industry has developed a biomass energy development model characterized by the integration of forestry and oil production, which is unique to China. It is eager to further enhance this industrial development model through loan programs, in order to create a model for the international development of biomass energy industries. The biomass energy industry chain of Jingjiao Group, which focuses on converting wood into oil, uses agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials to produce a range of products such as low-viscosity biodiesel, military lubricants for cold regions, and plasticizers, thereby **increasing the added value of these products**. Internationally renowned French biodiesel experts highly praise this production process, considering it to be world-class technology with very promising prospects. To achieve sustainable development throughout the entire life cycle, from raw material production to the final product, it is necessary to have high economic efficiency, be environmentally friendly, and contribute to the regional socio-economic development; only then can it integrate into the international market and obtain access to it.