Vapor and liquid phase temperatures
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The thermometer cannot reach the liquid surface; I want to know the temperature of the liquid surface. The temperature of the gas phase is 40
Additional note: vacuum level of 0.1 MPa
The gas and liquid phases are not necessarily in equilibrium, and the components may not be identical, making it impossible to perform calculations
Two methods: (1) Introduce liquid to raise the liquid level. (2) If raising the liquid level still doesn’t allow contact, then there’s nothing to do but to do the calculations! ! The bubble point and dew point can be calculated based on composition and pressure. The gas phase temperature is the dew point, and the liquid phase temperature is the bubble point.
If it’s not within reach, either extend the thermometer or raise the liquid level; the accuracy of calculations is quite low, while actual measurements are the most accurate!
Actual measurements are the most accurate! When the specific details are unknown, only estimates can be made.