Analyze the classification and structure of analysis cabins

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Analyzers and their sample systems require varying degrees of climate protection, depending on the type of analyzer, the importance of its intended use, and its operating environment. When the instrument housing itself is not suitable for the working environment, additional protection should be provided to ensure the performance of the instrument and facilitate maintenance. The room in which analytical instruments are installed is usually referred to as an analysis booth; one or more analytical instruments are placed in this booth, and the maintenance and repair of these instruments can be carried out there. For some analytical instruments that require a high level of protection, are of significant importance, and need frequent maintenance, it is very reasonable to use an analysis booth structure. Such booths provide an environment that is easy to operate and maintain for the analytical instruments, thereby extending their service life. In environments with harsh conditions, an analysis cabin is also more suitable. 1. Classification of analysis cabins: Analysis cabins come in two types – earth-structure and metal structure. The former are built on-site, while the latter are manufactured in system integration factories. Compared to analysis booths made of civil engineering materials, metal analysis booths have the following advantages: ① The analysis instruments and their associated systems can be thoroughly tested under simulated conditions available in system integration factories. Design, equipment, and installation defects can be corrected before being shipped to the site. This is crucial for ensuring the smooth operation of the system and reducing on-site maintenance efforts. ②Installation in integrated factories is not affected by on-site climate or construction conditions. ③The system integration vendor is responsible for the design, installation, commissioning, and operation of the entire system, providing turnkey solutions. ④It avoids the troubles and errors arising from coordination among various design disciplines and construction trades during on-site installation, thereby improving the reliability of the system. 2. Analyze the structure of the analysis cabin ① Analyze the external dimensions of the cabin. The external dimensions of the analysis cabin are generally determined based on the number of analyzers, the size of those analyzers, and the size of the sample processing chamber. However, due to considerations such as transportation, the following standards are typically adopted: ◆ Length: The length of the outdoor main structure ranges from 2 to 10 meters; if the length exceeds 10 meters, a modular structure is recommended. ◆Width: Generally 2.5m, with the maximum not exceeding 3m. ◆Height: generally 2.7–3 m ； The clear indoor height is 2.5–2.8 m. ②Analysis of the mechanical structure and material requirements of the cabin ◆ Frame, base, roof, and floor. The framework, base, and roof of the analysis cabin are all made of metal components, welded together from shaped steel, and must possess sufficient strength and toughness to ensure that the cabin does not deform during transportation, lifting, and other similar operations. The roof is generally of A-shaped or single-slope design to prevent rainwater from accumulating. The base is typically made of channel steel grades 10–20#, while the floor is constructed from steel plates with a thickness of 4–6 mm; the material can be patterned steel plate or aluminum alloy plate. Galvanized steel plates used for this purpose require a spraying treatment, and they are usually gray in color. ◆Interior and exterior walls, as well as interior and exterior ceiling panels. The exterior walls and roof panels are generally made of stainless steel plates with a thickness of 1.5–2 mm, while the interior walls and ceiling are usually made of galvanized steel plates or stainless steel plates with a thickness of 1.5–2 mm, assembled using π-shaped panels. The load-bearing capacity of interior and exterior walls is greater than 500 kg/m2, while that of the exterior roof is greater than 250 kg/m2. The roof is equipped with a rain eaves, typically made of 1.5mm thick stainless steel plate. ◆Insulation layer. Flame-retardant insulation material is filled in the interior and exterior walls as well as the interior and exterior ceilings; the thickness of the insulation layer is generally 50–70 mm. ◆Door. The door of the cabin opens outward; when the area of the cabin is ≤9 m2, there is only one door, while when it is >9 m2, two doors are required – a main door and a safety door. The safety door should be located on the wall that can be reached by turning 90° to the right from the position where the maintenance personnel are operating the instruments. The standard dimensions of the door are 2000 mm (height) × 900 mm (width). The door panels, both on the inside and outside, are typically made of 1.5 mm thick stainless steel. A rubber seal is installed between the door and the wall. The door should also have a glass observation window with dimensions of at least 300×300 mm. It is equipped with a dampened limit switch for closing the door as well as a push-rod type escape lock. Outside the door, there is a hole lock along with a handle. ◆Analyze the external facilities of the cabin. The gas cylinder fixing brackets are installed outside the cabin and are used to hold standard gas cylinders as well as carrier gas cylinders; if necessary, guardrails for the cylinders can be added. In cold and harsh environments, a separate cylinder room can also be created inside the cabin, equipped with independent lighting, ventilation, and other facilities. Rain guards are installed above doors, junction boxes, pre-treatment boxes, gas cylinders, etc., and generally extend outward by 600–800 mm. The roof of the cabin should be equipped with lifting rings for overall hoisting. ◆Analyze the floor of the cabin. The analysis cabin should be placed on a concrete platform, the elevation of which should be at least 150–300 mm higher than the surrounding ground level, and the surface of the platform should be flat and clean. Welding is generally used to secure the shelter to the ground surface; that is, metal fixing elements are embedded at the four corners of the platform and welded to the channel steel forming the base of the analysis shelter.