Which has less pressure loss, an 180-degree U-bend or two 90-degree bends?
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When two pipes run parallel at a site and need to be connected, which results in less pressure loss: using 180-degree elbows or 90-degree elbows? When using 90-degree elbows, does one need to consider the length of the short pipe between the two elbows? The shorter it is, the greater the pressure loss, right?
If the radius of curvature is the same, an 180-degree elbow still experiences less resistance than two 90-degree elbows combined
Yes. There is also wall roughness.
1 Comparison requires a benchmark; without it, there is no basis for comparison. 2 It is assumed that the inner diameters and radius of curvature of the two types of fittings are identical； Two 90° elbows for direct connection ； The medium flow rate is the same ； The dielectric properties are the same ； If the surface quality at the connection of a 90° elbow is ideally smooth, etc., then the pipe resistance remains the same. At the microscopic level, there is a difference in the surface quality of the inner walls at the 90° elbow connection point and at the 180° elbow, and therefore the pipe resistances also differ; however, within normal flow velocity ranges, the difference in pipe resistance between the two is small