2 million tons per year coal-based clean fuel project in Bijie, Guizhou

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The 2 million tons per year coal-based clean fuel project in Bijie, Guizhou: On April 16, 2014, the project received the reply from the General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission regarding the preliminary work for this 2 million tons per year coal-based clean fuel project in Bijie, Guizhou (Document No. Development and Reform Office Energy ﹝2014﹞819). From the end of 2016 to the beginning of 2017, the **National Development and Reform Commission** and the **Energy Administration** issued the \"13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development\" and the \"13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Advanced Coal Processing Industries\" respectively. These plans designated the project in Bijie, Guizhou as a key project for advanced coal processing and coal-to-oil production during the 13th Five-Year Plan period; it was also one of the four new projects to be launched during that time. Project Features: 1. Adoption of high-temperature slurry bed process technology independently developed by Zhongke Synthetic Oil Technology Co., Ltd. This project makes use of the coal-to-oil technology developed by Zhongke Synthetic Oil Technology Co., Ltd.; such technology has received joint support from the “863” Program’s project on coal indirect liquefaction technology, as well as from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ major knowledge innovation project focused on the research and development of industrial slurry bed technologies for coal-based liquid fuels. It has also passed the technical evaluations conducted by experts organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, thereby providing a technical foundation for the establishment of industrial demonstration plants. Currently, the original high-temperature slurry bed process technology has been validated at the Yitai and Lu’an demonstration plants. The key core technologies behind its major breakthroughs include: a unique high-temperature slurry-bed iron-based catalyst technology (with a production capacity 4 to 6 times that of the international standard), large-scale high-temperature slurry-bed Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) reactors and related equipment technologies, as well as integrated process technologies for F-T synthesis and oil product processing. Through the actual operation of two pilot plants, it has been demonstrated that the advantages of this technology include: a catalyst activity of 1.0–1.4 GC3+/g catalyst/hour (compared to around 0.3 for traditional methods), as well as a space-time yield that significantly reduces the operating costs of the process ； The product shows excellent selectivity ； The structure of the large-scale slurry-bed F-T synthesis reactor and the design of its reaction system are reasonable. The operation results of the demonstration plant show that the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis unit is the most stable system in the entire plant, enabling it to effectively buffer and mitigate operational fluctuations in other units and prevent the shutdown of the whole plant ； The steam generated as a by-product in the F-T synthesis unit can have a pressure of 2.0 Mpa to 2.5 MPa, and can be directly used for saturated steam power generation, thereby further improving the energy efficiency of the process. 2. Product advantages: The main products of this project are gasoline, diesel, LPG, and LNG, while the by-products are light alcohols, heavy alcohols, sulfur, and sulfuric acid. The diesel products in question are high-quality blended diesel with an extremely low sulfur content of 60; after appropriate blending, they can be used directly as vehicle fuel. As blending components, they can be mixed with refinery diesel to increase its cetane number and reduce its sulfur content. During the 2014 APEC meeting, this clean diesel was demonstrated in 26 sanitation vehicles at the Huairou Sanitation Center in Beijing. The results showed that it could significantly reduce the emissions of the main pollutants NOx and PM2.5 from diesel vehicles, and it also offered some fuel-saving benefits. Other fuels such as gasoline, LPG, and LNG are also clean products; compared to high-sulfur coal as a raw material, the pollutants generated upon their combustion are **reduced, which is beneficial for environmental protection ； Sulfur, sulfuric acid, light alcohols, and heavy alcohols, which are by-products, are also important chemical raw materials. They not only possess strong market competitiveness but also enable the utilization of impurities and waste in the raw materials, thereby helping to achieve environmental protection goals. 3. Reliable water supply guarantee: The rivers in Nayong County, where the project is located, all belong to the Wujiang River basin. They are divided into two major river systems: the Zongxi River system and the Nayong River system. There are a total of 506 rivers of various sizes, with a total length of 820.8 km and a drainage area of 2,420 km2, which provides a reliable water supply for this project. Before the completion of Jiayan Reservoir, the project drew water from Liuchong River; after its completion, water was supplied by Jiayan Reservoir. According to the Planning Report for the Liuchong River Basin in Guizhou Province, the water resources available in the Liuchong River amount to 4.91 billion m3. The current annual water consumption is 437 million m3, resulting in a water resource utilization rate of 8.9%. This figure is 22.1% lower than the national average for water resource utilization, and it is also 12.1% lower than the utilization rate in Guizhou Province. The Liuchong River basin has abundant water resources, and its current level of development and utilization is low, which can meet the water needs of this project. At the same time, this project also adopts strict water-saving measures, with water consumption per ton of product being less than 7 tons; thus, the local area is fully capable of ensuring an adequate supply of water. 4. Undertake the environmental protection demonstration task of using a circulating expansion bed anaerobic reactor (CEAB) to treat wastewater from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In accordance with the requirements set out in the \"Environmental Access Conditions for Modern Coal Chemical Industry Projects (Trial Version)\\", this project will take on the task of demonstrating the use of a circulating expansion bed anaerobic reactor (CEAB) for treating such wastewater. The circulating expanded bed anaerobic reactor (CEAB), which is covered by independent intellectual property rights of Beijing Zhongke Guoyi Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., is utilized, with \"anaerobic biological treatment + aerobic biological treatment\" as the core process for treating FTO synthesis wastewater. This technology not only overcomes the adverse effects of the low pH of synthetic wastewater on anaerobic processes, but also ensures that the wastewater remains low in TDS after being treated in the CEAB biochemical system, making it suitable for direct reuse – this is a feature that sets it apart from other anaerobic reactors. Pilot tests using the CEAB system were conducted for half a year at the 160,000 tons per year Phase I coal-to-oil plant in Yitai, confirming that it is entirely feasible to directly reuse the wastewater resulting from F-T synthesis after alcohol removal, following treatment with CEAB in both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. This project will promote the large-scale application of this technology, and further study the experimental parameters for long-term, stable operation in order to improve its reliability. 5. Wastewater treatment and reuse: This project optimizes the design of the water system, properly divides the water supply and drainage systems, and implements the principles of separating clean water from polluted water, separating different types of pollutants, treating water according to its quality, and reusing water in appropriate ways. Oil product synthesis wastewater is treated and reused separately due to its low salt content. Process wastewater from other production units, floor washing water, and initial rainwater are sent to the biological treatment system in the production wastewater treatment facility, and the treated water is then returned to the reuse system ； Circulating water wastewater and effluents from the chemical water station are fed into the clean wastewater reuse system. The highly saline water generated by this reuse system is treated before being sent to the evaporation crystallization system, ensuring that all wastewater from the project is reused.