Main types and applications of coal tar-based carbon materials

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1. Modified asphalt: Coal tar asphalt, after modification, is mainly used to prepare impregnants and binders. It plays an important role in the aggregate applications of ordinary electrodes, aluminum smelting anode pastes, and ultra-high power electrodes. Carbon products produced using modified asphalt as a binding agent material possess advantages such as low electrical resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, high capacitance density, low power consumption, excellent oxidation and thermal stability of the electrodes, no slag formation, long service life, and low thermal expansion. The more mature production methods for modified coal tar asphalt are the oxidation method and the thermopolymerization method. 2. Asphalt-based carbon fibers: Asphalt-based carbon fibers are special fibers with a carbon content of over 92%, produced from asphalt through processes such as refining, spinning, pre-oxidation, carbonization, or graphitization. They are primarily used in the aerospace and military industries. 3. Mesophase pitch is a black amorphous solid at room temperature. It boasts advantages such as a wide range of sources, excellent properties, low cost, high carbon yield, and good processability, and plays a significant role in fields such as military defense, aerospace, cutting-edge technology, and daily life. It is mainly used to prepare special carbon fibers, battery anodes, and for the impregnation of advanced carbon materials. 4. Coal tar coatings are widely used as primers and topcoats for corrosion protection on the undersides of ships, ballast tanks, steel pilings at docks, steel supports in mines, acid tanks, water supply pipes, as well as the outer walls of underground pipelines. 5. Coal-based needle coke is produced by using coal tar pitch as the main raw material, through three processes: raw material pretreatment, delayed coking, and high-temperature calcination. The high-power and ultra-high-power graphite electrodes produced from it possess outstanding properties such as low resistivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, strong resistance to thermal shock, high mechanical strength, and good oxidation resistance. It is mainly used to make graphite electrodes and lithium-ion anode materials. 6. Impregnating asphalt: Impregnating asphalt is used to impregnate carbon products in order to reduce porosity and increase bulk density, or to achieve impermeability. Impregnation is used to reduce porosity and permeability, increase bulk density, and improve the physical and chemical properties of the product. 7. Binding asphalt: Binding asphalt refers to the type of asphalt that can bind carbon-based aggregates and powders together, forming a plastic paste after mixing. It has a significant impact on the quality of the main raw materials in the steelmaking, aluminum electrolysis, and refractory materials industries. 8. Asphalt-based foam carbon: Its unique networked pore structure endows it with excellent properties such as light weight and high strength, high porosity, adjustable thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, electromagnetic shielding, and high electrical conductivity. It is used in applications related to electrical conductivity, adsorption, thermal protection, heat conduction, and electromagnetic shielding. 9. Carbon-carbon composite materials are composed of resin carbon, carbon fibers, and pyrolytic carbon. They possess characteristics such as low density, good thermal conductivity and coefficient of expansion, high specific strength and specific modulus, excellent friction properties, resistance to ablation, good heat shock resistance, and high dimensional stability; they are among the materials with the best high-temperature resistance known. 10. Road construction asphalt: This type of mixed asphalt offers advantages such as good adhesion to aggregates, a durable pavement structure, simplified maintenance, a high friction coefficient which enhances driving safety, good resistance to oil erosion, and high load-bearing capacity for the pavement; these features make it highly popular for use on highways with high traffic loads.