Significant breakthrough achieved in next-generation ultra-fast charging batteries by the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences

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On April 23, the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported that a team led by researchers Ma Yanwei and Wang Kai has made significant progress in the core technology related to fast-charging batteries using black phosphorus. They have successfully overcome technical challenges such as the severe volume expansion of black phosphorus anode materials during charging and discharging, as well as its poor electrical conductivity. The lithium storage capacity of black phosphorus materials is far greater than that of graphite, making them an ideal material for the next generation of anodes. However, this material has fatal drawbacks such as poor electrical conductivity, significant volume expansion during charging and discharging, and easy degradation and failure under fast charging conditions; thus, it has never been practically applied. Starting from the atomic level, the research team innovatively constructed a special phosphorus-nitrogen chemical bond within the black phosphorus crystal. This method is equivalent to pre‑\"embedding\" microscopic switches within the material; during charging, these switches activate the otherwise inert phosphorus–phosphorus bonds, thereby significantly accelerating the transfer of lithium ions. This approach effectively prevents the damage caused by volume expansion, allowing the black phosphorus anode to function stably even during ultra‑fast charging. More importantly, based on this new technology, the research team successfully developed a prototype of a soft-pack battery using a black phosphorus anode and a lithium iron phosphate cathode. Actual measurement data show that the energy density of this battery reaches 282 watt-hours per kilogram ； Fast charging capability